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COKE OVEN.

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/N VEA/TOR UNITED STATES Patented. July 11, 1905.

EVENCE COPPE, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 794,662, dated July 11,1905.

Application filed January 20, 1903. Serial No. 139,848.

T0 a/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that l, EvENoE COPPE, a subject of the King of Belgium, anda resident of 71 Boulevard dAnderlecht, Brussels, Belgium, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Coke-Ovens, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the arrangement of coke-ovensdescribed in the United States Patent No. 654,307 of September 23, 1899,having for their object a better distribution of the points ofintroduction of gas and air to insure still greater uniformity oftemperature throughout the length of the ovens and to achieve a moreperfect regulation of the gas and air introduced both at the front andthe back of the oven. These improvements are effected by the followingcharacteristic arrangements:

First. Identical construction of the half of the wall in front and ofthe rear half, the partition compelling the gases to follow identicalcourses both at the front and at the rear of the oven, the circulationof the gases under the lioor, being according to the circumstances, asfollows: Half under the front part and half under the back part of thefloor, each half subsequently entering separately a collecting-liuc,whence they pass to the chimney, when the oven has two suchcollectingiiues, or invariable and adjustable proportions, according tothe necessities of the mode of working, when the oven has a singlecollecting-ilue and is arranged for the return of the gas or for itssubdivision under the floor.

Second. The arrangement in the front and the rear of the oven at thelower part of the wall of a canal for introducing a mixture of gas andair, which is brought without loss of heat to the part of the flues ofthe wall where it should burn, in combination with air-inlets in thefoundations of the oven, bringing to the said part the air necessary forcomplete combustion.

Third. Special arrangements for working the oven with recovery ofby-products, whereby the gas and air introduced under the walls of theovens are mixed in variable proportions, as may be desired to preventformation of gas-carbon near the ports and to insure complete combustionand a uniform and regular temperature throughout the length of the oven.

Fourth. Pipes or ducts formed in the foundations of the ovens andaccessible by vaults in these foundations for cleaning thedistributing-ports for the mixture of gas and air in thecombustion-chamber.

In the accompanying drawings three forms of ovens constructed accordingto this invention are shown.

Figures 1 to 4 represent the first form, which is characterized byhaving two collecting-channels. Figs. 5 to 9 represent the second form,which has only one collectingchannel and is arranged for the return ofthe gas. Figs. 10 to 13 represent the third form, characterized byarrangements for subdividing the gases beneath the floor, combined witha single collecting-channel.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the coking-chamber. Fig. 2 isalongitudinal section throu h the wall. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectionon ine A B C D of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line E F ofFigs. 1 and 2. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section across the coking-chamberof the second form. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section across the wall.Fig. 7 is a transverse section on line G H of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is atransverse section on lines l K L M of Figs. 5 and 6, and Fig. 9 is ahorizon- 'tal section on line N O of Figs. 5 and 6. Fig. 10 is alongitudinal section across the cokingchamber of the third form. Fig. 11is a longitudinal section across the wall. Fig. 12 is a transversesection on line P Q of Fig. 10, and Fig. 13 is a horizontal section online R S of Fig. 12. As in the earlier arrangements, the present onesare arranged for working Without recovery of by-products as well as forworking with recovery.

Working 'without recovery of 19g-products.- Referring to Figs. 1 to 4,the dampers y are closed, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The gasevolved from the coal passes in the upper part of the oven through thefour openings o, the valves in which (shown in the drawings) are in thiscase raised. The gases thus enter the chambers p, whence they pass intothe wall by the four chambers p, and

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then passing through the openings Z, descend into the partition byeighteen iues i, of which nine are in front and nine behind. rl`he gasesthus arrive in the chambers f to ascend eight iiues t', four of whichare in front and four behind. The two currents of gas thus reunited thendescend by six fiues y' and pass beneath the floor, where they depart byflues g in the front half and by flues in the rear half to thecollecting-channels l X, which are connected to the chimney. Where theoven has only one collecting-channel, with a return-passage r for thegas, Figs. 5 to 9, the progress of the gas is the same as in theprevious case up to the point where it descends by the six flues lt thenpasses under the Hoor, where it meets the gas from the neighboring oven,to be turned in proportions suitable for the Inode of working, one partdirectly to the iiue g of the oven, the other part toward the front ofthe oven, to pass under the floor of the neighboring oven, through thegas-return passage r, and thence through the flue g to thecollecting-channel and to the chimney. This arrangement, by which theovens communicate in pairs underneath the floor, there being provided agas-return passage r, allows regulation of the draft before and behindthe oven in the flues.

In the third modification, having the subdivision under the floor andshown in Figs. 10 to 13, the progress of the gas is just the same up tothe point where it descends through the six iiues Having arrived underthe floor, the gases divide according to the necessities of the working,one part going directly through the flue g to the collectingchannel Xand to theV chimney, the other part Y assing toward the front of theoven to be delivered into the other half of the floor, whence they reachthe collecting-channel X, and consequently the chimney, by way of theflue g. It is obvious that in this case, as in the preceding one, thesubdivision of the gas beneath the fioor is regulated by appropriatelyadjusting the dampers, the more or less complete closing of the dampersof the ilues Q forcing the gas to take its course toward the front andto pass by a less direct but longer passage to the flues g/ and thecollectingchannel.

W arising with recovery of 12g-products.- The dampers y are raised, asshown in full lines in Figs. 2, 6, and 11, and a valve is closed in eachof the two ports o in front and the rear parts of the ovens, as is shownin Figs. 1, 5, and 10. These dampers prevent the gas from the ovenspassing into the flues of the wall. The draft causes the gases to passinto the pipes h and u, arranged above the ovens, and are conductedtherethrough to condensers. From these condensers they return to thespecial ducts a, Figs. 2, 6, and 11, to which are attached brano es I),leading to mixing apparatus, such as injectors c, which mix the gaseswith a certain proportion of air. The mixture thus introduced into theflues d rises into the flues or combustion-chambersf, arranged under thewall, by way of the ports e beneath the said chambers The air necessaryfor complete combustion enters by the ducts g in the foundations of theovens and passes into the combustion-chambers where it meets the mixtureof gas and air arriving by the flues d. From the combustion-chambers fthe gases rise through twenty-six flues i i-thirteen in the front andthirteen in the rear-and then descend again through the six flues andpass beneath the floor to the collectingchannel X and to the chimney, aswas described for working without recovery of byproducts in the threemodifications.

Comparison of the construction just described with that formerly usedshows, first, in the new arrangement the wall comprises thirty-twovertical flues instead of twentytwo; second, the two ports for thepassage of gas arranged in the old form near the middle of the arch arehere suppressed; third, the arrangement in the present construction ofthe flues d for the mixture of gas and air both in the front and in therear of the ovens, (see Figs. 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12;) fourth, thearrangement of two collecting channels X, Figs. 1 and 2; fifth, thearrangement of gasreturn passage 1, Figs. 5, 6, 8, and 9; sixth, thearrangement by which the gas-current is subdivided under the iioorthroughout the length of the oven, Figs. 12 and 13 5 seventh, thearrangement of ducts g for admitting air f in the foundations of theovens, Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, and -11; eighth, special arrangements cfor mixing the gas and air, Figs. 2, 6, and 11; ninth, the arrangementof pipes or ducts :ic in the foundations of the oven and accessible byvaults in the foundations to allow the ports c for distribution of themixture of gas and air to be cleaned, Figs. 2, 6, 8, and 11.

Having thus described the nature of this invention and the best means lknow of carrying the same into practical effect, l claim- 1. lncombination with a series of horizontal externally-heated coke-ovens,which can be worked with or without recovery of byproducts, and havingwalls constructed similarly in the front and rear of the ovens,gasreturn passages r r beneath the ovens distributing the mixture of gasand airarriving from the walls of two contiguous ovens, in variable andadjustable proportions according to the necessities of the working, onepart under the iioor of one of said ovens and the other part under thefloor of the neighboring oven, substantially as described.

2. ln combination with a series of horizontal externally-heatedcoke-ovens which can be worked with or without recovery of byproducts,and having walls constructedsimilarly in the front andv rear of theovens, a

5 riving under the floor are distributed according to the necessities ofthe Working, into both parts of the floor, one part passing toward thefront and the other part going directly toward the rear, substantiallyas de- 1o scribed.

3. In combination with each oven of a series of horizontal externallyheated cokeovens working with recovery of by-products and having wallsconstructed similarly in the I5front and rear of the ovens, twohorizontal combustion-chambers f arranged below the front part and therear part of the wall respectively, two horizontal channels d for introducing a mixture of gas and air arranged 2o in the masonry underneathsaid chambers f respectively, vertical ports e leading from saidchambers f into said channels d for introducing the mixture of gas andair into said chambers f, and ducts g leading from the atmosphere intosaid chambers j; substantially as described.

4. In combination with each oven of a series of horizontalexternally-heated cokeovens working with recovery of byroducts andhaving walls constructed similar y. in the front and rear of the ovens,two horizontal combustion-chambers y" arranged below the front part andthe rear part of the wall respectively, two horizontal channels d forintroducing a mixture of gas and air arranged in the masonry underneathsaid chambers f, respectively, vertical ports e leading from saidchambers f into said channels d for introducing the mixture of gas andair into said chambers f, and ducts x extending from the vaults to saidports e for the purpose of cleaning the latterI substantially asdescribed.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses. A

` EVENCE COPPEE. Witnesses:

C. CoUTrER, GREGORY PHELAN.

